Convert UTF-8 to Binary

By bit-pattern in the leading byte: 0xxxxxxx = 1-byte ASCII (7 bits of data); 110xxxxx = 2-byte sequence (5 + 6 = 11 bits); 1110xxxx = 3-byte sequence (4 + 6 + 6 = 16 bits); 11110xxx = 4-byte sequence (3 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 21 bits). Continuation bytes always start with 10xxxxxx. The grid colour-codes these so you can see them.

UTF-8 is variable-width. A (codepoint U+0041) fits in 7 bits, so it uses the 1-byte form. 🌍 (U+1F30D) needs 17 bits of data, which only fits in the 4-byte form. Look at the grid: emoji bytes start with 11110... for the leader and 10... for the three continuations.

Default Byte mode produces one 8-bit token per UTF-8 byte. Char mode concatenates the bytes belonging to each codepoint into a single longer token, so you can see at a glance how many bits a character costs: A → 8 bits; é → 16 bits; 🌍 → 32 bits as one long binary string.

Three checks: every character must be 0 or 1 (anything else throws); total bit count must be a multiple of 8 (incomplete byte at end throws); the assembled bytes must form valid UTF-8 (fatal-mode TextDecoder throws on lone continuations, truncated leaders, overlong sequences, encoded surrogates).

Silent U+FFFD substitution hides bugs. If you assembled the binary by hand and got the grouping wrong, you want an explicit error pointing at “not valid UTF-8” rather than a slightly-different output that looks plausibly correct.

The decoder splits on any whitespace, commas, or semicolons – paste binary in any common format and it should work. Just make sure each token is exactly 8 bits (with leading zeros for small values like 00100000 for space).

Not for decoding. The decoder requires 8-bit-aligned tokens. For encoding, the output is always 8-bit padded for the same reason – so it round-trips through the decoder unambiguously.

Yes, 200,000 characters of input text. Binary output grows 8× the byte count, so even modest text produces a lot of bits – the cap protects against tab-freezes.

The Unicode→Binary tool offers 3 modes including UTF-8, codepoint-as-fixed-bits, and UTF-16. This tool is UTF-8-specific and adds prefix-bit highlighting for visualizing the variable-width encoding pattern.

No. Everything runs in your browser via TextEncoder/TextDecoder.