Math & Science Tools

What you can do with Math & Science tools

• Generate number sequences, list primes with the Prime Number Calculator, Fibonacci terms with the Fibonacci Generator, or pi to N digits with the Pi Digit Generator.
• Convert between number bases, binary ↔ decimal ↔ hex ↔ octal with the Number Base Converter.
• Solve number-theory problems, find GCD with the GCD Calculator and LCM with the LCM Calculator.

For a topic-by-topic tour of every calculator here, see the full guide to free math and science calculators.

Pick Math & Science when the input is a number or sequence and the output is another number or sequence. For base64, URL encoding, or ASCII transforms, Encoding Tools is the right category, those handle character-level translation. For physical measurements (meters ↔ feet, Celsius ↔ Fahrenheit), Unit Converters is closer. For column stats on a CSV or JSON table, Data Tools operate at the table level instead of the single-number level.

The Math & Science toolkit

Tool	What it does	When to use
Prime Number Calculator	Tests primality and lists primes up to a bound	Checking one number (is 997 prime?) or listing primes for a problem set
Factorial Calculator	Computes n! for integers up to 170	Permutations, combinations, and binomial coefficients
GCD Calculator	Finds the greatest common divisor of two integers	Reducing fractions to lowest terms
LCM Calculator	Finds the least common multiple	Adding fractions with different denominators
Fibonacci Generator	Lists the first N Fibonacci numbers	Sequence problems and golden-ratio sketches
Pi Digit Generator	Outputs pi to N digits	Memorization drills or procedural-art seeds
Number Base Converter	Converts between binary, octal, decimal, hex	CPU flags, bitmasks, CS 101 worksheets
Binary Adder	Adds two binary numbers without converting first	Binary-arithmetic homework or subnet math
Hex Adder	Adds two hexadecimal numbers directly	Memory offsets or hex color math
Fraction Adder	Adds two fractions and returns lowest terms	Basic algebra or recipe scaling
Percentage Calculator	Solves percent-of, percent change, reverse-percent	Tips, discounts, grade calculations
Matrix Multiplier	Multiplies two matrices with compatible dimensions	Linear-algebra exercises or CSS transform chains
Matrix Inverse Calculator	Inverts a square matrix via Gauss-Jordan	Solving small linear systems
Aspect Ratio Calculator	Calculates ratios and missing dimensions	Resizing images or video to 16:9 or 4:3

Number theory and sequences cover the one-value-in, one-answer-out calculators: the Prime Number Calculator for primality tests, the Factorial Calculator for permutation counts, and the Fibonacci Generator and Pi Digit Generator for sequence output. Pick a "Calculate" tool when you need one answer; pick a "Generate" tool when you need the first N terms.

Base conversion and bit arithmetic tools work inside binary, octal, and hex without a decimal round-trip. Change Number Base handles all four bases in one pass. For arithmetic in a single base, the Binary Adder adds column-by-column, and the Hex Adder does the same for hex, handy for memory offsets or merging two hex colors.

Algebra and everyday calculators finish the grid. The Fraction Adder returns lowest-terms results without a decimal approximation. The Matrix Multiplier chains linear transforms, the Matrix Inverse Calculator solves small systems, and the Percentage Calculator and Aspect Ratio Calculator cover tips, discounts, and screen dimensions.

How to choose the right Math & Science tool

• If you need a yes/no answer about one number (is 997 prime? is 144 a perfect square?) → use a dedicated single-purpose tool like the Prime Number Calculator.
• If you need a list (first 500 primes, 100 Fibonacci terms) → use the generator variant like the Fibonacci Generator.
• If you're moving between binary, octal, decimal, or hex → the Number Base Converter handles all four in one pass.
• If you're adding inside a single base (hex color math, binary masks) → the Binary Adder or Hex Adder avoids a conversion round-trip.
• If the problem is linear algebra (3×3 inverses, matrix chains for CSS transforms) → the Matrix Multiplier and Matrix Inverse Calculator.

The single trade-off that matters is precision vs. browser speed. These calculators use JavaScript number arithmetic, exact for integers up to 2^53 (about 9 quadrillion) and reliable for factorials through 170. Past those limits, expect tiny rounding errors. For research-grade work on 1,000-digit primes or 500-dimensional matrices, reach for a desktop system like SageMath, the tools here target schoolwork, CS courses, and quick dev checks.

Frequently asked questions

Are these math tools free to use?

Yes, every calculator runs free in your browser with no account and no features locked behind a paid tier. Computation happens client-side, so your inputs never leave the device. Listing 1,000 primes or adding two fractions works the same for you as for anyone else.

Do I need to install anything?

No. Each tool is a web page, load it, enter the values, read the answer. There's no installer, no browser extension, and no email wall. Because the math runs in JavaScript locally, inputs stay on your machine, which matters when you're working on sensitive numbers.

Can I generate large sequences like 1,000 primes or 500 Fibonacci terms?

Yes. The Fibonacci Generator handles up to 1,000 terms, and the Prime Number Calculator lists primes well past 100,000. Past those ranges the page takes a few seconds, your device's CPU sets the ceiling, not a server-side quota.

Which number bases does the base converter cover?

Change Number Base converts between binary (base-2), octal (base-8), decimal (base-10), and hexadecimal (base-16), the four bases that show up in programming and schoolwork. For unusual bases like ternary or base-36, set the source and destination explicitly. Negative numbers and zero convert correctly.

How accurate is the Prime Number Calculator?

Exact for inputs under 2^53 (about 9 quadrillion) using a deterministic primality test. Past that cap, JavaScript's native number precision drops and results can be off. For cryptographic-sized primes at 200+ digits, reach for GnuPG or Wolfram Alpha, the Prime Number Calculator targets schoolwork and dev checks.

Do the matrix tools support non-square matrices?

Yes for most operations. The Matrix Multiplier accepts any m×n times n×p product where the inner dimensions match. The Matrix Inverse Calculator requires a square matrix, only square matrices have inverses.

Can I use these tools for homework?

Check your teacher's policy first, some classrooms allow calculators, others require hand work. For self-study they're ideal: generate a list of primes, solve a factorial, then redo the problem on paper and compare. The Number Base Converter is especially common in CS undergrad courses.

For tools that encode text or bytes (base64, URL encoding, ASCII case changes), see Encoding Tools. For physical measurements like temperature and length, Unit Converters is the right stop. For column-level statistics on CSV or JSON tables, Data Tools operates at the table level.